'Witches' marks' found in old church ruins

Archaeologists have discovered 12th-Century stone markings that were created to ward off evil spirits.


One of the many different designs found at the site. Image Credit: Twitter / HS2 Ltd


Found at the remains of a church in Stoke Mandeville, Buckinghamshire, the markings exhibit multiple designs, including one that resembles a bicycle wheel (pictured above) and another with multiple points joined at the center with a vaguely circular or flower-like outline around the outside.

Dating back 900 years to medieval times, St Mary's Church was abandoned in 1866 with the construction of a new church closer to the village.

Experts believe that the markings are what are known as witches' marks - special symbols and patterns designed to trap spirits within their endless lines.
"[It is] a fascinating insight into the past," said archaeologist Michael Court. "Discoveries such as these unusual markings have opened up discussions as to their purpose and usage."

Excavations at the site are currently being undertaken in preparation for the construction of the new HS2 railway line which will pass through the area.

Archaeologists have said that the work has revealed "years of heritage and British history."

   HS2 archaeologists have uncovered #medieval graffiti and ‘witching†marks, while excavating the remains of St Mary's Church, Stoke Mandeville. Some of the marks could also be interpreted as early sun dials too. Learn more about this #HS2 #archaeology: [You must be registered and logged in to see this link.] pic.twitter.com/T8Ck5Ei7lS
   â€” HS2 Ltd (@HS2ltd) October 20, 2020

'Daisy wheels' in a Saxon tithe barn in Bradforn-on-Avon

They come from a time when a belief in witches and superstition was part of everyday life. People constantly sought protection from evil spirits, witches or their animal familiars.

"The world was full of dangers, both physical and spiritual," Matthew explains. "These markings were made simply as a way to make it a safer, less hostile place; the front line in the defence of the soul."

Source / Image Courtesy

historicengland.org.uk

Hexfoil on a barn in Suffolk

Men and women would scratch specific symbols as an act of devotion or to evoke good luck – the most common is the daisy wheel, or hexfoil, a pattern with endless lines that were supposed to confuse and entrap evil spirits.

Other common marks that appear are pentangles (five-pointed stars) and the letters VV or AM, often intertwined, which refer to the Virgin Mary. Other more pictorial marks have been uncovered, from sailing ships to monstrous demons, musical notes to windmills, all representing voices from the past hoping for the safe return of a ship, a plentiful crop or protection in the afterlife.

Source / Image Courtesy